Encryption is the process of scrambling communication to avert cybercriminals from deciphering a piece of information. Data encryption is used to translate the information in another form, referred to as ciphertext; so that only the authorized people having access to the ‘key’ can decode or decrypt it, thus ensuring data security.
Data encryption is used everywhere these days from online banking to instant messaging apps to secure the users from giving out vital and personal information over the Internet. Currently, encryption is one of the most popular and efficient methods used by business organizations to ensure data security.
The end-to-end encryption ensures that none other than the sender or the receiver can view the information. For instance, popular instant messaging platform, WhatsApp applies end-to-end encryption as the data travels through servers on its way to the end user.
In simple terms, if we exemplify data protection through a safe, then encryption relates to giving out the data access to whoever possesses the key. Alternatively, end-to-end-encryption specifically cites that only the sender and the receiver of the information have the access to the data.
Types of data encryption
There are three broad categories of encryption that are used to protect user’s data: Symmetric, Asymmetric and Hashing.
Symmetric encryption: This is a linear way of taking the original data and scrambling it with the help of key and decoding it again with the same key when needed. It is a speedy way of providing data encryption and there is an array of symmetric encryption methods available in the market.
Asymmetric encryption: This kind of encryption uses a different key for encoding and decoding process. The keys are usually known as the private key and the public key. The sender of the message usually retains the private key and the public key is circulated among the authorized recipients to decode the information.
Hashing: Hashing is not a typical form of encryption but it uses the method of cryptography. It is also a permanent form of encryption and the encoded data can never be reversed. The most common usage of hashing is to protect passwords. For instance, when someone types a password, it is converted through the process of hashing. Same data always creates the same hash. While authenticating the password, the system will try to match the encrypted data with previously ‘hashed’ codes and provide access to the user.
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